Matilde di canossa6/5/2023 ![]() After 1098, she increasingly used the opportunities offered to her to consolidate her rule again. Until the end she tried to bring the cities under her control. From autumn 1098 Matilda was able to regain many of her lost domains. The struggle between regnum and sacerdotium changed the social and rulership structure of the Italian cities permanently and gave them space for emancipation from foreign rule and communal development. A turning point resulted from a coalition of Matilda with the southern German dukes, who were in opposition to Henry IV.Īfter Henry IV's retreat in 1097 past the Alps to the empire's north, a power vacuum developed in Italy. The historical record is sparse for this time. Between 10, the Canossa rule fell into a major crisis due to the grueling disputes with Henry IV. Even after Pope Gregory VII's death in 1085, Matilda remained an important pillar of the Reform Church. Her court became a refuge for many displaced persons during the turmoil of the investiture dispute and experienced a cultural boom. In the conflicts with Henry IV that arose a little later, Matilda put all her military and material resources into the service of the Papacy from 1080. The understanding between the Emperor and the Pope was short-lived, however. In January 1077, Henry IV was, after his famous penitential walk in front of the Canossa ( Latin : Canusia) Castle, accepted back into the church community by the Pope. At the same time, Matilda came into possession of a substantial territory that included present-day Lombardy, Emilia, Romagna and Tuscany, and made the Canossa Castle, in the Apennines south of Reggio, the centre of her domains. She ruled as a feudal margravine and, as a relative of the imperial Salian dynasty, she brokered a settlement in the so-called Investiture Controversy in this extensive conflict with the emerging reform Papacy over the relationship between spiritual ( sacerdotium) and secular ( regnum) power, Pope Gregory VII dismissed and excommunicated the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV in 1076. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |